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Stair na hÉireann | History of Ireland

Stair na hÉireann | History of Ireland

Irish History, Culture, Heritage, Language, Mythology

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Celtic Languages

Stair na hÉireannHistory, Ireland, Irish History, Irish Language/Irish Gaelic'Give Way' sign in Connemara, Celtic, Celtic Languages, Celts, Co Galway Alison Toon Photography, Ireland, Irish, Language, Latin, Scots Gaelic

‘Celtic’ is a linguistic term (pronounced with a hard ‘c’) which describes a group of languages nowadays represented by Irish, Scots Gaelic and Manx, which belong to the ‘q’ Celtic group, and Welsh, Breton and Cornish, which make up the ‘p’ Celtic group.

The ‘q’ Celts could not pronounce ‘p’ and so either dropped it completely (pater in Latin, meaning ‘father’, is athair in modern Irish) or changed it to a ‘q’ type sound, thus purpura in Latin, meaning ‘purple’, is corcora in Irish.

Speakers of Irish can understand Scots Gaelic without much difficulty, but will not be able to understand Welsh or Breton at all, as the two groups of languages have been developing separately for over 2,000 years.

The Celtic insular languages are mostly those spoken on the islands, typically Britain, Ireland, Man and part of France. The Insular languages are divided into two branches, the Goidelic and the Brythonic. Manx is a form of Gaelic spoken on the Isle of Man. The last native speaker of Manx died in 1974, but many are learning the language today, and recordings exist of native speakers. There are many native speakers of both Irish and Scottish Gaelic today, not only in Ireland and Scotland, but also in Nova Scotia, in Canada. Language became central to the culture of the Irish, much more so than other Celtic races. It was, and is, a source of great pride and identity.

Modern Ireland has only four provinces, Ulster, Munster, Leinster and Connacht. Meath was the fifth and cuige, the Irish word for province, retains the tradition – cuig means five.

Image | ‘Give Way’ sign in Connemara, Co Galway | Alison Toon Photographer

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Stair na hÉireann is steeped in Ireland's turbulent history, culture, ancient secrets and thousands of places that link us to our past and the present. With insight to folklore, literature, art, and music, you’ll experience an irresistible tour through the remarkable Emerald Isle.

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Stair na hÉireann/History of Ireland

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Ireland 1847 | Asenath Nicholson “My bedroom overlooks the burying ground. I often arose to look into it, that some haggard father was bringing a dead child, latched to his back, and laying him on some tombstone, as had been done, and leaving it to the mercy of whoever might find it a grave.” Taken from The Truth Behind The Irish Famine, 100 images, 472 eye witness quotes: www.jerrymulvihill.com
An Irish labourer on the public works in 1845-52 by Danny Howes. Accounts describe workers spending their final moments crawling along the roadside in the direction of their homes. Far from having their wants relieved, thousands of labourers had been effectively worked to death and the health of tens of thousands gravely affected. Taken from the book The Truth Behind The Irish Famine:72 paintings, 472 eyewitness quotes www.jerrymulvihill.com
Ireland 1845-52 | Opthalmia, an eye disease caused by lack of vitamin A, became prevalent causing blindness due to ulceration and keratomalacia, generally in one eye. It became common in workhouses and among children: 13,000 cases were recorded in 1849 and 27,000 in 1850. Taken from The Truth Behind The Irish Famine. 72 Paintings, 472 eyewitness quotes. www.jerrymulvihill.com
Latest commissioned painting of Brendan Behan by André Mooney Art and Design.
Ireland 1845-52 | The public works consisted of building roads, walls and bridges for a salary of 8 pence per day. This strenuous work program was introduced at a time when the people were starving and weak. The salary was not sufficient for the people to regain their health or feed their families. To make matters worse the intense labour did little to advance the country with useable structures. From the Book: The Truth Behind The Irish Famine: www.jerrymulvihill.com
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Stair na hÉireann – History of Ireland

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