1175 – Under the Treaty of Windsor, concluded on this date, Rory O’Connor recognises Henry as his overlord and agrees to collect tribute for him from all parts of Ireland. Henry agrees that O’Connor can be king of the areas not conquered by the Normans. But O’Connor cannot control the territories of which he is nominally king, and Henry and his barons annex further land without consulting him.

1216 – The union of the diocese of Glendalough with that of Dublin, having been promulgated by Pope Innocent III last year, is confirmed by Pope Honorius III.

1798 – Grattan removed from Irish Privy Council, falsely charged with being a sworn member of United Irishmen.

1891 – Death of Charles Stewart Parnell, champion of tenants rights and co-founder of the Land League; often called the “Uncrowned King of Ireland”.

1901 – Birth of C. S. ‘Todd’ Andrews, revolutionary and public servant, in Dublin.

1903 – Birth of Ernest Walton in Dungarvan, Co Waterford. He and Sir John Douglas Cockcroft were awarded the 1951 Nobel Prize in Physics for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles.

1922 – National Army officer Tony Lawlor shoots dead republican prisoner, Patrick Mulrennan during a riot in the prison in Athlone.

1922 – Anti-Treaty fighters in Tullycrine, Co Clare ambush a National Army column. A number of Free State troops and one Anti-Treaty IRA man are killed in the firefight.

1922 – A number of gun and grenade attacks are carried out by Republican fighters in Dublin. Three people are wounded. In Limerick, Republicans raid the hospital and free six of their prisoners who were being treated there.

1922 – One Anti-Treaty fighter is killed in action at White’s Cross, Cork.

1928 – Death of Galway man Pádraic Ó Conaire, who was among the first writers to develop a new modern literature in the Irish language.

1928 – Birth of athlete and hockey player, Maeve Kyle, in Kilkenny.

1948 – Birth of Gerry Adams in Belfast. Adams is an Irish republican politician who was the Leader of the Sinn Féin political party between 13 November 1983 and 10 February 2018, and has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for Louth since the 2011 general election. From 1983 to 1992 and from 1997 to 2011, he was an abstentionist Member of Parliament (MP) of the British Parliament for the Belfast West constituency.

1966 – Birth of Niall Quinn in Dublin. Quinn is a former professional footballer and businessman, and the ex-chairman of Sunderland. Quinn continued as Sunderland’s director responsible for international development until he stepped down in February 2012. He played club football for English Premier League teams Arsenal, Manchester City and Sunderland during the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s. Quinn also received 92 caps for the Republic of Ireland national football team, scoring 21 times, of which makes him Ireland’s second highest goalscorer of all time. He also appearing for the green army at the UEFA European Football Championship of 1988 and two FIFA World Cups in 1990 and 2002.

1968 – Rioting flared up again in the afternoon in Derry.

1970 – Opening of the arms trial involving Charles Haughey.

1972 – Taoiseach, Jack Lynch’s, government closed the Sinn Féin office in Dublin.

1976 – Two Catholic civilians were shot dead at their home in Victoria Gardens, Cavehill Road, Belfast, by Loyalist paramilitaries.

1980 – Mella Carroll, first female judge in the Republic of Ireland, is appointed.

1981 – Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, James Prior, announced a number of changes in prison policy, one of which would allow prisoners to wear their civilian clothes at all times. This was one of the five key demands that had been made at the start of the hunger strike. Prior also announced other changes: free association would be allowed in neighbouring wings of each H-Block, in the exercise areas and in recreation rooms; an increase in the number of visits each prisoner would be entitled to; and up to 50 per cent of lost remission would be restored. The issue of prison work was not resolved at this stage but there were indications that this issue too would be addressed.

1982 – Minister for Trade, Commerce and Tourism, Des O’Malley, resigned. O’Malley resigned because of disagreements with Taoiseach, Charles Haughey, on matters related to Northern Ireland and the Republic’s economy. O’Malley later formed a new political party called the Progressive Democrats.

1982 – A member of the Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR) and a Prison Officer were killed in a connected incident in Kilmore, Co Armagh.

1986 – There was a meeting of the Anglo-Irish Intergovernmental Conference in Dublin. The group discussed border security and agreed to implement a proposal that citizens from the Republic of Ireland who were living in Northern Ireland would be given the right to vote in local government elections in the region.

1990 – A Catholic man was shot dead by the Protestant Action Force (PAF) at Oxford Island, Lough Neagh, Co Armagh. This shooting was viewed by many as retaliation for the shooting of a Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR) soldier at the same location on 23 September 1990. There was a further attack in the area on 10 November 1990.

1993 – Leader of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), Ian Paisley, wrote a letter to British Prime Minister, John Major, in which he stated that the Hume-Adams Initiative was “aimed at Ulster’s destruction”.

1993 – Taoiseach Albert Reynolds, stated that if there was an overall political settlement then Articles 2 and 3 of the Irish Constitution could be changed by a referendum.

1993 – The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) exploded a bomb outside a Sinn Féin (SF) office on the Falls Road, Belfast.

1993 – James Molyneaux, leader of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), made a speech at a fringe meeting of the Conservative Party conference in Blackpool, England. Molyneaux stated that the Hume-Adams Initiative had wrecked any prospect of future inter-party talks.

1998 – A  RUC officer, Frankie O’Reilly (30), died as a result of injuries he received on 7 September 1998. O’Reilly was critically injured by a blast bomb thrown by Loyalists taking part in a Drumcree protest at Portadown, Co Armagh. The attack was claimed by the Red Hand Defenders (RHD) a Loyalist paramilitary grouping that was believed to have been formed a short time before the incident.

1999 – Garda Síochána officers arrested four men in Co Donegal in connection with an arms find in Co Wexford.

1999 – Patrick Campbell (22), an INLA member who was originally from west Belfast, was badly beaten and stabbed during a clash between INLA members and a group of men (described in the media as a criminal gang) in the Ballymount industrial estate, Walkinstown, Dublin. Campbell died on 10 October 1999 from his injuries.

2000 – It is announced that John Monks, a pig farmer from Cloughran, north Dublin who died last year, left almost £8 million in his will; he accumulated the vast sum from selling land to developers.

2000 – The High Court grant gardaí the right to detain Slobodan Milosevic if he sets foot in Ireland.

2001 – The 150 member council of the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland (APNI) met to elect a new leader. The two people who stood in the election were David Ford and Eileen Bell. Ford won the leadership contest.

2001 – Republicans held a rally in the centre of Dublin, to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the 1981 Hunger Strikes.

2002 – Some of the highest tides in a century are set to swamp the Irish coastline this week, prompting flood contingency plans in a number of high-risk areas.

Image | Clady River overlooking Mt Errigal and Dunlewey, Co Donegal | Gareth Wray Photography

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