1798 – United Irishmen Rebellion: General Hunter, who replaced Lake as Commander in Wexford, becomes aware rebellion is not over and begins to re-deploy his troops. He orders General Duff to Bunclody and General Needham to Gorey.

1798 – United Irishmen Rebellion: Death of John Henry Colclough. He was arrested with Lord Edward Fitzgerald on 27 May 1798 and taken to Wexford gaol. From there he was sent with Fitzgerald to parley with the rebels at Vinegar Hill, returning alone to report negotiations had failed. He was later, somewhat reluctantly, in the company of the rebels at the Battle of New Ross. After the battle, and the royalists had regained the town, he fled with his wife and Bagenal Harvey to the Greater Saltee Island, from whence they planned to escape to republican France. They were betrayed under torture by a local farmer, arrested, and brought to Wexford town to be court-martialled. Found guilty, they were hanged on Wexford bridge on 28 June 1798, their heads afterwards put on spikes and their bodies thrown into the River Slaney. Colclough’s body was recovered by his supporters during the night and buried in St. Patrick’s burying-ground, Wexford.

1844 – Birth of poet and novelist, John Boyle O’Reilly, in Co Meath. As a youth, he was a member of the Irish Republican Brotherhood, for which crime he was transported to Western Australia. After escaping to the United States, he became a prominent spokesperson for Irish sentiment and culture, through his editorship of the Boston newspaper The Pilot, his prolific writing, and his lecture tours.

1853 – The introduction of income tax in Ireland is proposed for the first time.

1861 – Soldier, police officer and explorer, Robert O’Hara Burke, from Co Galway, dies in Australia. He achieved fame as an Australian explorer. He was the leader of the ill-fated Burke and Wills expedition, which was the first expedition to cross Australia from south to north, finding a route across the continent from the settled areas of Victoria to the Gulf of Carpentaria. The expedition party was well equipped, but Burke was not experienced in bushcraft. A Royal Commission report conducted upon the failure of the expedition was a censure of Burke’s judgement.

1880 – Ned Kelly the Australian bushranger captured at Glenrowan. Edward “Ned” Kelly was an Irish-Australian bushranger, and, to some, a folk hero for his defiance of the colonial authorities. Kelly was born in Victoria to an Irish father from Tipperary.

1919 – Two British soldiers killed while on patrol by the Irish Republician Army.

1919 – Michael Collins was made president of the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB).

1920 – On hearing of British atrocities in Ireland, soldiers of the Connaught Rangers mutiny in protest; three are shot dead; a fourth, Private James Daly, is court-martialled and executed by firing squad. He is the last member of the British army to be executed for mutiny.

1921 – Éamon de Valera responds to Prime Minister Lloyd George’s request for a meeting to solve the Irish crisis and stop bloodshed between Irish freedom fighters and British.

1922 – The Provisional Government of the Irish Free State bombards the Four Courts in Dublin, and the Civil War begins.

1930 – Birth of biologist and parasitologist, William Cecil Campbell in Ramelton, Co Donegal. He is best known for his work in discovering a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworms, for which he was jointly awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He helped to discover a class of drugs called avermectins, whose derivatives have been shown to have “extraordinary efficacy” in treating River blindness and Lymphatic filariasis, among other parasitic diseases affecting animals and humans. Campbell worked at the Merck Institute for Therapeutic Research 1957–1990, and is currently a research fellow emeritus at Drew University.

1939 – Pan American’s Yankee Clipper lands at Foynes Flying Boat Base and inaugurates first scheduled airmail service.

1963 – U.S. President John F. Kennedy addresses joint session of Houses of the Oireachtas in Dublin.

1970 – Around 500 Catholic workers at the Harland and Wolff shipyard were forced to leave their work by Protestant employees. Most of the Catholic workers were unable to return and lost their jobs.

1973 – Elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly were contested in Northern Ireland. There was some violence during the day, some of which was directed against a number of polling stations. However, the turnout was high at 72.3 per cent. The election gave those parties supporting the White Paper 52 seats whereas those parties against the paper obtained 26 seats. However, a number of the candidates who were elected with the ‘pro-White Paper’ parties were themselves against the proposals so reducing the margin in the new Assembly.

1979 – Birth of racing driver, Neil Shanahan, in Dublin. He was killed at the age of 19 in a crash on the fifth round of the British Formula Ford Championship at Oulton Park. The incident happened in a three-car collision on the approach to Clay Hill. The Formula Ford championship, which Shanahan was contesting, is one of the most important training grounds for young drivers pursuing a career in motorsport, and the vast majority of current Formula One drivers, including all the Britons currently at the top-level, competed in previous versions of the category. The Neil Shanahan Perpetual Trophy “The Chequered Flag” was commissioned by the Shanahan family, designed and made in silver and slate, the Perpetual Trophy is awarded annually to the Irish Junior Karting Champion.

1983 – John Hume, leader of the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), addressed the House of Commons in Westminster in his ‘maiden speech’. He spoke of Britain’s ‘psychological withdrawal’ from Northern Ireland.

1985 – While rehearsing for their homecoming show the following day, U2 is forced to stop when they learn their volume is so loud at Croke Park, they have disturbed students taking exams at a school a half-mile away.

1988 – British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, met Taoiseach Charles Haughey, following a European Community summit in Hanover. The British government announced that the Harland and Wolff shipyard was to be privatised.

1991 – Archbishop Cahal Daly, was elevated by the Pope to Cardinal.

1993 – It was disclosed that the British Labour Party had produced a discussion document in 1992 on the future of Northern Ireland. The document contained a proposal that, in the absence of agreement between the political parties, there should be joint authority, between Britain and the Republic of Ireland, over Northern Ireland for a period of 20 years. The proposals were welcomed by Nationalists but were rejected by Unionists.

1994 – After missing out on UEFA Euro 1992 (despite being unbeaten in qualifying), the Republic of Ireland qualified for the 1994 FIFA World Cup (USA ’94). In their first match, they beat the previous World Cup hosts and 3rd-place finishers Italy 1–0, in their opening game at Giants Stadium just outside New York City; but lost to Mexico 2–1 at the Citrus Bowl in Orlando, Florida; and they tied with Norway 0–0 at Giants Stadium. With these results, they made it to the second round, eventually losing 2–0 to the Netherlands in Orlando.

1995 – Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, Patrick Mayhew, said that if Republican and Loyalist paramilitaries did not decommission their weapons then political talks would proceed without their political representatives.

1996 – The IRA launched an attack at a British Army barracks in Osnabreuck, Germany. Three mortars were fired in the attack but there were no injuries. Several buildings were damaged.

1999 – It is announced by Bord Gais that the freeze on gas prices put into effect in 1984 will remain until at least 2003.

1999 – The Parades Commission issued its decision on the proposed parade by the Portadown District of the Orange Order along the Garvaghy Road, Portadown, on Sunday 4 July 1999. The decision re-routed the Orange Order parade away from the Garvaghy Road and instructed the order to use the outward route when returning from Drumcree. The decision followed the breakdown of talks between Garvaghy Road residents and the Orange Order. The Commission also re-routed the ‘Long March’ away from Nationalist areas of Lurgan, Co Armagh, on Friday 2 July 1999. The press conference at which the decisions were announced was disrupted by a bomb alert, which turned out to be a hoax telephone call.

1999 – British Prime Minister, Tony Blair, and Taoiseach, Bertie Ahern, began a “final push” to end the impasse over decommissioning and the formation of the Executive. David Trimble, leader of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), issued a statement on decommissioning.

2000 – Over budget and deeply in debt, the departure of millennium ship, Jeanie Johnston, is further postponed.

2001 – Following the collapse of the British-based Independent Insurance company, it is predicted that thousands of Irish companies will lose upwards of £160m.

2002 – Bronze Age burial pit is unearthed by students in Longford.

2015 – RTÉ broadcaster Liam Ó Murchú. Born in Cork, Mr Ó Murchú is best remembered as a presenter of programmes including the bilingual variety show Trom agus Éadrom, for which he won a Jacob’s award. Filmed in front of a live studio audience, Trom agus Éadrom sought to integrate the Irish language into the format of a traditional music and chat show.

Image | The Coast Road, Co Clare | Stair na hÉireann/History of Ireland

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