1826 – Separate Irish currency is abolished and replaced by sterling.

1871 – Thirty-three Fenian prisoners, including Devoy, Rossa, O’Leary and Luby, are released by the British in a general amnesty.

1881 – The trial of the Land Leaguers begins.

1885 – Hugh O’Brien is sworn in as Boston’s first Irish mayor.

1900 – Irish leader John Edward Redmond calls for a revolt against British rule.

1911 – Protestant church leaders condemn Ne Temere Papal decree on mixed marriages. The Ne Temere papal decree of 1907 required non-Catholics married to a Catholic to agree to educate their children as Catholics, and often the non-Catholic was required to convert before the marriage. Ne Temere was tolerated by the UK parliament as it had little impact in Britain; Irish Protestants felt that it would have a much greater impact in a future Catholic-dominated Home Rule Ireland. In 1911 debates both views were considered, and notably those against Ne Temere were unionists and those tolerating it were not.

1921 – Martial Law was extended to Clare and Waterford.

1922 – Death of Kildareman, Sir Ernest Shackleton, Antarctic explorer.

1941 – Jennie Wyse Power, Irish patriot and women’s rights activist, dies.

1944 – Louis Stewart, jazz guitarist, is born in Waterford.

1976 – The Republican Action Force, a cover name for the IRA, admits to the brutal murder of ten Protestant workmen in what becomes known as the Kingsmill Massacre.

1976 – Death of John Aloysius Costello. He was a successful barrister, and was one of the main legal advisors to the government of the Irish Free State after independence. He was Attorney General of Ireland from 1926-1932 and Taoiseach from 1948-1951 and 1954-1957.

2003 – A group of women maintain a vigil at Shannon Airport in protest of US Air Force landings.

Photo: Derrynane Abbey, Co Kerry, Ben Russell Photography

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